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How to Properly Operate a Woodburning Stove Wood stoves are an affordable and cozy method to heat the home. However, the smoke they produce can be harmful to health. It's important to understand how these appliances work and to operate them properly. Modern stoves utilize catalytic or secondary combustion to reduce emissions. Older stoves and open flames emit large amounts of particulates. The firebox The firebox is the heart of any fireplace system. It's where you create a fire to heat your home and provide ambiance. It's a simple concept, but there are many important details that must be accounted for to keep your wood burning stove safe and efficient. The most straightforward way to think of the firebox is to think of it as an open-air combustion chamber that has walls and a door. Most fireplaces come with a prefabricated metal firebox or a masonry firebox. The type of firebox you pick will depend on your personal preferences and the type of fireplace you own. The majority of wood-burning stoves utilize the constant flow of air to produce the fire and burn the fuel. he said is pumped into the stove through dampers which can be adjusted inside the doors. he said lets the fuel burn properly and helps to reduce toxic gases that are generated by unburnt or incomplete combustion. The exhaust gases are taken up by the chimney and safely out of your home. Modern stoves that have catalytic second combustion make use of a specific catalyst to reburn unburnt gases to create additional warmth. This produces a cleaner and less polluting emission than traditional wood stoves with no secondary combustion. Modern non-catalytic stoves are available, but they're typically less efficient than stoves with secondary combustion catalytically. Some wood-burning stoves have backboilers that are used to heat water in addition to space heating. These stoves are referred to as “hybrids” or “combination”. They have been in use since the early 20th century. Wood burning stoves must be operated with well-seasoned wood. Freshly cut (green) wood has a high content of moisture that can lead to low flue temperatures and a lot of creosote build-up in the chimney. This can cause chimney fires, which can damage your stove and even be harmful to the health of your family. If you're in search of a professional to inspect your wood-burning stove or perform any firebox repairs, make sure the chimney specialist you choose is CSIA certified and provides customer testimonials on their website. It's also important to ask about their prices and the type of work they do. The pipe for ventilation Ventilation is a must for wood stoves in order to remove smoke and keep the house healthy and warm. Ventilation helps remove carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and excess moisture from the combustion process. It also helps reduce the impact of heat loss and air pollution outside. Wood, pellet and gas stoves have different venting requirements to adapt to the way they operate. Properly maintaining the stove's ventilation system annually is critical for safety and efficiency. The ventilation system is made up of the firebox and the vent pipe. The chimney and ventilation pipe work together to create a draft that draws smoke from the stove through the fireplace. The differences in temperature and densities between the hot wood smoke and cold outside air creates draft. The higher the temperature, more smoke will rise through the vent pipe and chimney. The majority of modern wood stoves have been certified as low-emission units by the EPA. They produce far less pollutants than older models, which contribute to global warming and other environmental issues. Most newer stoves also come with pollution controls built-in to limit the amount they emit, while also ensuring that the emissions are burned in an efficient manner. Older stoves that have open flues create much more carbon dioxide, an extremely poisonous gas and should not be allowed to escape into the home. Carbon monoxide is produced when the chimney is dirty or there is inadequate ventilation. Installing carbon monoxide alarms inside your house is therefore important. Measure the distance between the chimney's opening in the ceiling or wall and the place where the wood stove is located on the floor. Multiply this distance by two to find the minimum length of stovepipe you need. You can use a single-wall or a double-wall stovepipe, but you must allow for the adequate clearance from the combustibles. When the stove is first lit then adjust the air vent until a stable flame has been established and combustion is stable. It is advised to stay clear of using wood logs in the stove since they could contain volatile chemicals that can cause the air vents to malfunction. The chimney The chimney is a complex system that requires careful care. From top to bottom, the chimney is made up of a number of important components, all of which are essential to ensure that your stove operates safely and efficiently. The ventilation pipe, the firebox and chimney work together to exhaust the gases from combustion produced by your woodburning stove the outside. This is essential to reduce carbon dioxide levels and prevent harmful emissions. To do this the chimney and flue must be hot enough to remove the gases from the fireplace without cooling. This is accomplished by using a woodburning stove with an extremely high heat output, and by adding regularly new logs to the fire. Most modern woodburning stoves are designed with a chimney that's taller than older models to achieve a better drafting effect. This could cause problems in the event that your chimney's height exceeds the maximum height for your area. In this case the chimney could be competing with the house's stack for airflow, causing the gases to cool before leaving. This can impede the flow of gases and create creosote accumulation that could be a fire risk. The most common mistake homeowners make is to open the fireplace door and close it frequently. This can cause problems with combustion. It is crucial to keep the door of your fireplace as tightly shut as you can, and only open it when you need to add ash or firewood. The door shouldn't be opened for too long. This allows the hot air from the stove to escape, making the wood cooler and more difficult to light. Other types of combustibles can produce higher emissions or the possibility of a chimney fire. Woodburning stoves were designed and optimised for burning firewood. They are not suitable for other combustibles. The flu To ensure proper air flow, a woodburning stove needs a flue that is the correct size. The flue should be at a minimum 25 percent larger than the stove pipe that connects the chimney and the stove to allow sufficient smoke circulation. A wood stove should be set on a non-combustible hearth with a clear area in front of the fireplace's opening. Modern stoves come with a catalytic combustion system which reduces the amount of harmful byproducts that get released into the chimney. This feature can help increase the efficiency of wood stoves by burning a fire that produces more heat and emitting less pollution. However, using different types of combustibles, such as coal, can lead to issues, such as lower efficiency and greater emissions. When you are burning wood in a stove or fireplace, it is important to burn seasoned or dried wood. If your wood is not seasoned or dry, it will emit high levels of water vapor and creosote into the chimney. This can lead to low flue temperatures and possibly a chimney fire. A professional can also assist you in avoiding a fire in your chimney by regularly inspecting and cleaning the flue system. This includes the stovepipe, the chimney, and the chimney itself. A unclean stove and flue system can result in an unclean chimney draft that could release carbon monoxide into your home. This can be dangerous for your family members and you shouldn't let it occur. A good rule of thumb is to hire a professional chimney sweep clean your chimney and stove once per year. This will help keep your chimney and stove in good condition.